When left unmanaged, stress can take a toll on both physical and mental health. Symptoms such as headaches, upset stomach, increased heart rate, and difficulty sleeping may lead to serious illnesses such as heart disease, high blood pressure, and depression. Finding ways to manage and reduce stress, such as exercising, meditating, and speaking to a trusted friend or counselor, is essential for maintaining mental fitness and may help prevent the adverse effects of stress.
Stress is a physiological and psychological reaction that can be triggered by a perceived challenge or threat. It can affect the brain, memory, metabolism, and immune system. Examples of stress include studying for a test that was prepared for, but feeling overwhelmed by the material; or completing a difficult project and then quickly becoming ill. When stress levels are normalized post-challenge, mental fitness is maintained and wellbeing is restored.
When a stressful situation arises, the hypothalamus (a tiny region in the brain) activates the stress response. This sends a series of signals to the adrenal glands, where stress hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline are released. These hormones increase glucose in the bloodstream and prepare the body for action by activating muscle repair and decreasing non-essential functions. Although these hormones can be beneficial during moments of stress, they can also become problematic when triggered too frequently.
Understanding the root cause of stress can help with managing it, so it is important to identify the sources of stress in your life. Common sources of stress include:
Managing stress can be beneficial for overall wellbeing, and each person responds to stressful events differently.
It is important to note that not all stress is a bad thing. Positive stress can be beneficial, however, stress that is too great can lead to burnout or illnesses such as depression and anxiety. Finding balance between stress and relaxation is the key to maintaining mental fitness.
Stress can be categorized into three distinct types: acute stress, episodic acute stress, and chronic stress. Acute stress is the immediate reaction to a new or challenging situation, while episodic stress occurs on a frequent basis. Chronic stress manifests due to long-term stressors and can be the most difficult to manage.
Stress is a normal part of life caused by a variety of factors including work, relationships, and financial worries. When stress is short-lived and occasional, it is known as acute stress. Common symptoms of acute stress include pupil dilation, increased heart rate, perspiration, fast and heavy breathing, anxiety, and emotional ups and downs. On the other hand, chronic stress occurs when these stressors and difficult conditions last over an extended period of time. If left unchecked, episodic acute stress and chronic stress can lead to severe physical and mental health issues such as digestive problems, heart disease, anxiety disorders, depression, burnout, obesity, and disordered eating.
Fortunately, there are various strategies to help combat and manage stress in our lives. A few of these include:
Despite stress being an unavoidable part of life, it is important to recognize and be mindful of it. Doing so can help us to reduce the long-term health impacts associated with stress and maintain a sense of balance. If, however, you ever feel that you are unable to manage your stress, it is important to seek professional help.
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