Many people confuse the terms accent and dialect, as they both describe how our speech is influenced by our location. However, it's essential to understand the differences between the two. Let's delve deeper into this topic.
An accent is a broader term that includes dialect. It is the way our voices sound based on where we come from. Regional accents have evolved over time as people interacted with those in isolated communities, leading to distinct speech patterns. This was before people could easily travel and have contact with those who spoke differently, resulting in the development of regional accents.
On the other hand, dialect is similar to accent but focuses more on the impact of our location on our language's grammar and word choices. It refers to a specific way of speaking that differs from standard English. Our dialects are heavily influenced by our geographical location, which affects our vocabulary and speech patterns.
For example, in various Northern dialects, "chuddy" and "chewy" both mean chewing gum, derived from the standard English term "chewing gum".
Slang is a form of colloquial language that often includes abbreviations and phrases commonly used by young people. For instance, "peng" means highly appealing, and "bare" refers to having or being something in large quantities. It is a subset of colloquial language.
Sociolect, on the other hand, is a dialect influenced by one's social class or position. For instance, school jargon used among students, criminal jargon, and office jargon are all examples of sociolect.
Jargon refers to specific words and phrases used by certain groups, mostly in the workplace, that may be challenging for others to understand. For instance, legal jargon is often difficult for those outside the legal field to comprehend.
To differentiate between accent and dialect, we can consider how much the words deviate from standard English, observe grammatical and lexical choices, and take into account the sound of the voice (or how it is written in phonetics). If most people in the country can understand the sentence, it is likely an accent. However, if the meaning is unclear, it is likely a dialect. Dialects use different words to convey certain things, which can be confusing for individuals from other regions, while accents primarily affect how we sound.
Task: These two sentences mean the same thing. Can you tell which is a dialect and which is an accent?
The second example is written in a Northern accent. Although the phrase is the same as standard English, the words used are alternatives to standard English, rather than completely different words.
With all the linguistic terms used in this article, it's easy to get confused. So, let's break them down for better understanding.
Slang vs. Dialect:
Although slang and dialect both refer to non-standard English and impact lexical and grammatical choices, they are different from each other:
Slang Example: "That movie was so '90s!"
Dialect Example: Newcastle - 'goon oot on tha toon' - going out on the town
Note how the dialect sentence uses variations of standard English words like 'toon' for town and 'goon' for 'going', whereas slang uses terms like 'peng' or words used differently from their original meaning, such as 'bare'.
Task: Can you spot these '90s slang terms being used when watching a TV show from the '90s, like Friends, Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, or Seinfeld?
Although both dialect and slang are variations of the English language, slang tends to be more inventive and deviate further from Standard English. An example of a regional accent is the Scouse accent, which pronounces "what's that?" as "woss tha?".
When it comes to understanding accents and dialects, it is essential to differentiate between the two by examining the deviation from Standard English and the grammatical choices made. While accents refer to the sound of a person's voice, dialects influence the words and grammar used in speech. Let's explore the importance of each.
Dialects represent cultural diversity and highlight the differences among regions. They also reflect the history and heritage of a particular place, making language a part of our history and a way to celebrate our roots. Additionally, dialects can evolve and change over time, showcasing the ever-evolving nature of language.
Accents play a crucial role in identifying a person's speech patterns and habits, showcasing their individuality. They can also reveal a person's upbringing and geographical background. Accents are a natural result of adopting the speech and sound patterns of those around us as we grow up, forming our distinct voice.
To determine whether a speech pattern is a result of an accent or dialect, we can observe the degree of deviation from Standard English, analyze the grammatical and lexical choices, and listen to how the words are spoken. If most people in the country can understand the sentence, it is likely an accent. If the meaning of the sentence is challenging to decipher, it is most likely a dialect. It is worth noting that while slang is constantly evolving, accents and dialects remain relatively stable.
The main difference between accent and dialect is that accent refers to how a person's voice sounds, while dialect describes the grammatical and word choices of the speaker.
Accents develop as a natural result of adopting the speech and sound patterns of those around us as we grow up, forming our distinct voice.
People develop dialects in isolated communities, where individuals form their own unique speech habits and patterns, similar to how accents develop.
By understanding the differences between accent and dialect, we can appreciate their cultural significance and the role they play in our language. So whether you say "let's go to the shops" or "let's go shops," embrace and celebrate the unique aspects of your speech.
