Practice Questions Endocrine

SingleBest Answers

1.     Select the hormone-actionpairing that is false

a)    Calcitonin- lowers bloodcalcium level

b)    Insulin- promotesgluconeogenesis and glycogen synthesis

c)     TSH-stimulates production andrelease of thyroid hormones

d)    Parathyroid hormone-lowersblood vitamin-D level

2.     Select the cell type which ismismatched the organ

a)     Islets of Langerhans-pancreas

b)     Somatotrophs-anterior pituitary

c)      Chief cells-parathyroid

d)     Papillary cells-adrenals

3.     Most hormones are

a)    Glycoproteins

b)    Polypeptides

c)     Steroids

d)    Carbohydrates

4.     Surgical treatment is notusually considered as first line treatment for which of the following pituitaryconditions

a)    Acromegaly

b)    Thyrotroph adenoma

c)     Cushing’s disease

d)    Non-functioning pituitaryadenoma

5.     All of the following are truewith regards to primary hyperparathyroidism except

a)    The parathyroid glands areusually palpable in the neck

b)    It is the commonest cause ofoutpatient hypercalcaemia

c)     Malignancy and primaryhyperparathyroidism account for the majority of hypercalcaemia

d)    Unilateral adenoma accounts for~85% of cases

6.     All are true in primaryhyperaldosteronism except

a)    Hypertension needing multipledrugs is the commonest feature

b)    Only unilateral adenoma (Conn’ssyndrome) can be surgically treated

c)     Serum potassium can be normalin a number of cases

d)    Dehydration and hypernatraemiais typical

7.     Congenital adrenal hyperplasia-all are true except

a)    Autosomal recessive inheritance

b)    Some cases may have salt losingnephropathy

c)     Causes ambiguous genitalia infemales

d)    Can be diagnosed and treatedprenatally with Dexamethasone given to the mother

8.     Select the part of the brainresponsible for temperature regulation, satiety, and thirst

a)    Pons

b)    Cerebellum

c)     Pituitary

d)    Hypothalamus

9.     Hyperglycaemia can lead to allof the following except

a)    Acidosis

b)    Hypernatraemia

c)     Polyuria

d)    Increased glucagon

10. All of the following can resultin hypoglycaemia except

a)    Delay in meals

b)    Miscalculation of insulin dose

c)     Renal failure

d)    Metformin monotherapy

Extended Matching Questions

Match the following scenarios to theirdiagnosis

1. Diabetes     Insipidus
2. Prolactinoma
3. Sheehan’s     syndrome
4. Pituitary     apoplexy
5. Pituitary     adenoma
6. Cavernous     sinus thrombosis

1. A     32-year-old female 2 months post-partum is unable to breastfeed due to failure     to lactate and feels fatigued with weight gain of 3kg. Delivery was complicated     by significant blood loss and low blood pressure. Bloods show an     LH<0.5, FSH-0.8, Oestradiol-102, fT4-9.0, TSH-0.6.
2. 44-year-old     female presents with history of fatigue, weight gain, dizziness, and     frontal headaches for 3 months. She has been bumping into objects     accidentally. Her vision shows a bi-temporal field loss on confrontation     and is confirmed by Humphrey’s visual field test.
3. 39-year-old     female presents with secondary amenorrhoea, lack of libido, breast     tenderness and headaches. Her Prolactin is 4500nmol/L.

Match thefollowing diagnoses to their presentation

a.       Grave’s disease

b.      Addison’s disease

c.       Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism

d.      Primary Hyperparathyroidism

e.       Primary hypothyroidism

f.       Type 1 Diabetes

4. 25-year-old     male with fatigue, dizziness, weight loss. Has postural hypotension,     buccal pigmentation, and has a sodium-128, potassium-5.6, and low     cortisol.
5. 26-year-old     female with fatigue and weight gain. Family history of goiter with free     T4-6.8, TSH-18, anti-TPO antibodies<10.
6. 29-year-old     female with palpitations, tremor, weight loss and increased irritation,     redness etc to both eyes. There is evidence of lid lag and mild proptosis.
7. 65-year-old     female complains of fatigue, aches and pains, constipation. She has a history     of renal stones.

Match thefollowing syndromes to their descriptions

a.     Waterhouse-friedrichsonsyndrome

b.     Nelson’s syndrome

c.      Multiple endocrine neoplasiaType-1

d.     Multiple endocrine Neoplasia 2a

e.     Polyglandular autoimmunesyndrome 1

f.       Cushing’s disease

8.     Bilateral adrenal haemorrhagedue to meningococcal sepsis

9.     Medullary thyroid cancer,parathyroid hyperplasia, phaeochromocytoma

10.Parathyroid hyperplasia,pituitary adenoma, insulinoma

Answers To Practice Questions

SBAs

EMQs

 
1. D
 
2. D
 
3. B
 
4. D
 
5. A
 
6. D
 
7. C
 
8. D
 
9. B
 
10. D
 

 
1. C
 
2. E
 
3. B
 
4. B
 
5. E
 
6. A
 
7. D
 
8. A
 
9. D
 
10. C
 

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