The aetiology of the paramyxovirus is characterized by droplet transmission, and is typically preventable through the MMR vaccine available for those aged 15 months and up.
The symptoms of this virus are commonly known as the 3Cs: Cough, Coryza, and Conjunctivitis, in addition to a 3-day fever.
Signs of infection can include the presence of Koplikspots, which are grey lesions on the buccal mucosa, as well as a maculopapular rash, which is usually bright red or brown in color, usually beginning behind the ears before spreading across the rest of the body.
Investigations can be done to confirm the presence of the virus through diagnosis with lab confirmation.
Treatment for this virus is usually conservative, involving supportive and analgesic measures, as well as avoiding contact with pregnant or immunosuppressed people.
Complications of this virus can be severe, and can include pneumonia, gastroenteritis, encephalitis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, and even possibly blindness.
Prognosis for this virus is typically positive, with a full recovery occurring after approximately 10 days. However, in rare cases, the virus can prove fatal.
Figure 9.5 Koplik spots
