Pathology: Elevatedprolactin levels
Aetiology: Physiological: Stress, pregnancy,breast feeding
Drugs: Methyldopa, metoclopramide,haloperidol, oestrogen
Malignancy:Microprolactinoma(<10mm diameter) or Macroprolactinoma
(>10mm diameter)
Symptoms: Reduced/absentmenstruation, galactorrhoea, breast tenderness, headaches, lack of libido, sub-fertility,erectile dysfunction
Signs Visual defects
Investigations: Bloods: Serum prolactin, pituitaryfunction, TFTs,
Specialtests: Visual field assessment
Imaging: MRI pituitary
Treatment: Medical: Stop offending drugs, Dopamine agonist therapy withbromocriptine or
cabergoline to normalise prolactin ifmalignancy
Surgical:Trans-sphenoidal surgery
Complications: Osteoporosis
Prognosis: Usuallygood prognosis
