The iliacus is a fan-shaped muscle located on the posterior abdominal wall inferiorly. It combines with the psoas major muscle to form a vital joint muscle called the iliopsoas muscle, which is the prime flexor of the thigh at the hip joint.
The iliacus muscle originates from the surface of the iliac fossa and the anterior inferior iliac spine. Its fibers integrate with the tendon of the psoas major and insert into the lesser trochanter of the femur.
The primary actions that the iliacus muscle facilitates include flexion and lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip joint.
The femoral nerve (L2 - L4) is responsible for nerve supply to the iliacus muscle.
These arteries provide the necessary blood supply to the iliacus muscle. This helps the muscle to receive the required nutrients and oxygen, allowing it to perform its action without any kind of hindrance.
The iliacus muscle is of vital importance for maintaining the mobility and flexibility of the hip joint. The role of the iliacus muscle in combination with the psoas major muscle is to provide flexibility and initiate movement in the hip joint. When there is any kind of weakness or damage to the iliacus muscle, this can limit the range of motion and cause discomfort and pain.
Moreover, the iliopsoas flexor complex plays an important role in maintaining the posture of the body. This is due to the fact that any kind of abnormality in this muscle can lead to poor posture and other related issues.
In conclusion, the iliacus muscle is an important component of the posterior abdominal wall. The attachments, actions, innervation and blood supply of this muscle are essential in performing its actions and aiding in maintaining the mobility of the hip joint as well as overall posture of the body.
