The flexor digitorum longus is a muscle located within the deep compartment of the posterior leg. As its name suggests, it is a thin muscle located medially in the compartment and is responsible for the movements of the toes.
The flexor digitorum longus originates from the medial surface of the tibia and attaches to the plantar surfaces of the lateral four digits. It is also closely connected to the flexor hallucis longus which provides movement to the hallux, or the big toe.
The primary action of the flexor digitorum longus is to perform flexion of the lateral four toes.
The tibial nerve is responsible for providing nerve supply to the flexor digitorum longus muscle.
The blood supply to the flexor digitorum longus muscle is derived from the posterior tibial artery. This artery is closely associated with the artery formed by the union of the popliteal artery and tibialis posterior artery. In addition, the plantar digital arteries and plantar metatarsal arteries provide further blood supply to the flexor digitorum longus.
The flexor digitorum longus is primarily responsible for the flexion of the toes, as its name suggests. This muscle also functions in unison with other muscles in the foot to provide a fine balance between strength and movement. It helps to stabilize the ankle joint and facilitates movements such as dorsiflexion and plantarflexion.
The flexor digitorum longus, along with the flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum brevis, also helps to maintain the medial longitudinal arch of the foot. Additionally, it helps to provide balance and stability to the foot, which is important for activities such as walking, running, and jumping.
Disorders of the flexor digitorum longus can lead to a number of clinical conditions. Overuse syndromes, such as medial tibial stress syndrome and plantar fasciitis, can be caused by overactivity of the flexor digitorum longus. Additionally, weakness in this muscle can lead to flatfoot deformity and damage to the medial longitudinal arch of the foot.
Valid diagnosis of a flexor digitorum longus disorder has been traditionally difficult due to its deep location within the posterior leg. However, modern imaging techniques such as MRI and ultrasound have provided much needed insight into the diagnosis of this muscle. Treatment options can range from bracing, physical therapy, and in some cases, surgical intervention.
The flexor digitorum longus is a thin muscle located within the deep compartment of the posterior leg, providing flexion of the toes. It is innervated by the tibial nerve and receives its blood supply from the posterior tibial artery. It also helps to stabilize the ankle joint and helps provide balance and stability to the foot. Dysfunction of this muscle can lead to a myriad of clinical syndromes which can be successfully treated with physical therapy, bracing, and in some cases, surgical intervention.
